The control of oil leakage is one of the main tasks in equipment management and maintenance. Equipment oil leakage not only wastes a lot of oil, but also pollutes the environment, increases the workload of lubrication maintenance, and even causes equipment accidents and affects production in serious cases. Therefore, the control of oil leakage is one of the important measures to improve the technical state of equipment. Equipment oil leakage prevention and control is a wide range of technical work, especially in recent years, sealing technology has been greatly developed, many sealing new materials, new components, new devices, new processes, not only provides conditions for oil spill control, but also put forward higher requirements for technology, so it is necessary to strengthen its research and application and personnel. In addition to a few oil spill management can be solved in maintenance, most need to be combined with planned maintenance to carry out, serious leakage equipment must be developed in advance of the treatment plan.

1. Oil spill and its classification

For a single piece of equipment, the standard of no oil leakage should meet the following requirements:

(1) The oil shall not drip to the ground, the external sealing of the machine tool shall not have oil seepage (although there is slight oil seepage at the external active connection, it does not flow to the ground, and it can be wiped off when cleaning on the day, but it is not oil seepage);

(2) Some oil is allowed inside the machine tool, but it must not penetrate into the electrical box and the transmission belt;

(3) The coolant shall not be mixed with the oil of the lubrication system or the working hydraulic system, nor shall it leak into the sliding guide surface;

(4) The number of oil leaks shall not exceed 5% of the parts of the machine tool that may cause oil leaks.

Equipment oil leakage is generally divided into oil seepage, dripping oil, flow oil three kinds:

(1) Oil seepage For the part of the fixed connection, a drop of oil every half an hour is oil seepage. For the part of the active connection, one drop of oil every 5 minutes is oil infiltration.

(2) Dripping oil drops a drop of oil every 2 to 3 minutes for dripping oil.

(3) More than five drops of flow oil per lmin is flow oil.

The level of oil leakage of equipment is divided into three grades: serious oil leakage, oil leakage and slight oil leakage.

2. Ways to prevent oil spills

The factors that cause oil leakage are many, there are congenital, such as improper design, quality problems in processing technology, seals and assembly process; There are also acquired nature, such as parts in use, especially seal failure, repair or improper assembly in maintenance. Due to the various forms of component structure, sealing parts, sealing structure, components, materials vary, so the method of treating leakage is also different, should be based on the factors of equipment leakage, starting from prevention, prevention and treatment, "the right medicine" for comprehensive management. There are several main ways to deal with oil spills:

(1) Plugging Plugging is mainly the application of sealing technology to block the interface leakage channel, which is the most common leakage prevention method.

(2) The method of dredging is mainly to make the combination surface does not accumulate oil, and the design should set back the oil groove, return oil hole, baffle and other dredging methods to prevent leakage.

(3) The pressure difference in pressure equalization is one of the important reasons for equipment leakage. Therefore, pressure equalization measures can be adopted to prevent oil leakage. If the box of the machine tool is leaking oil for this reason, the vent hole can be opened in the upper part of the box to cause pressure balancing to prevent oil leakage.

(4) When the damped fluid flows in the leakage channel, it will encounter a variety of resistance, so the channel can be made into various grooves with staggered teeth, artificially increasing the distance of leakage, increasing the resistance of the flow, if the resistance and pressure difference balance, it can be achieved without leakage (such as labyrinth oil seal).

(5) Throw and throw is a commonly used method on many equipment, such as the reducer installation bearing is opened to cut the oil ditch, so that the oil will not flow out along the axis, and some equipment is equipped with an oil throw ring, the use of centrifugal force to prevent the medium from leaking along the axis.

(6) Some parts of the leakage leakage is difficult to avoid, in addition to using other methods to reduce the amount of leakage, you can add the oil tray, oil cup, or flow into the oil pool, or regular cleaning.

(7) Management to strengthen the management of oil leakage and leakage control is very important, to develop a plan to prevent and control oil leakage, equipped with the necessary technical force, the management work is included in the planned repair, the implementation of the post responsibility system, in the maintenance and repair to strengthen quality management, to achieve reasonable disassembly and assembly, in order not to destroy the nature of the sealing device. Strengthen the training of the backbone of equipment leakage prevention and control and popularize the knowledge of leakage prevention and control.

Equipment leak control plan

Equipment management personnel and lubrication management technical personnel to do a detailed investigation of the oil leakage equipment, oil leakage location and cause registration and tabulation, and according to the severity of the oil leakage, the arrangement of leakage control plan and implementation plan.

Controlling oil leakage and implementing leakage control program is not only a task of equipment maintenance management, but also one of the contents of energy saving and reducing consumption. The leakage control work should pay attention to the three links of inspection, treatment and management:

(1) Check the phenomenon, find the leak, analyze the reasons, make plans, and put forward measures.

(2) The use of plugging, sealing, connection, repair, welding, change, change and other methods to control oil leakage in view of actual problems.

(3) Strengthen management and consolidate the effect of inspection and treatment. In strengthening management, we should combine the relevant work well. For example: establish and improve the lubrication management system and responsibility system, strict oil supply and waste oil recycling system, establish and improve reasonable original records and do a good job of statistics, establish lubrication stations, equipped with full-time personnel, strengthen inspection and formulate fuel consumption standards.

Some enterprises in the lubrication management summed up the control of oil leakage of ten methods, namely: frequent, find, change, change, wrap, back, matching, lead, pad, welding equipment leakage cross method.

(1) Diligent check, diligent ask, diligent treatment;

(2) Look carefully for the location and cause of the oil leak;

(3) to modify unreasonable structures and devices;

(4) Replace failed seals and other lubricating components in time;

(5) Wrap sealing tape, sealing line, etc. at the tubing joint;

(6) Increase or expand the oil return hole, so that the oil return is smooth and does not spill;

(7) Correctly matching the sealing ring and groove joint surface;

(8) Install an oil guide pipe, oil break tank, oil baffle, etc. at the overflow and leakage;

(9) Add a special paper pad or sealant to the bonding surface;

(10) Weld the oil leak hole and oil eye.

In addition, a good seal will also play a positive role in preventing and reducing oil leakage.